Establishing Court Precedents - A New Development

A court judgment in Vietnam is not a legal instrument and does not bind subsequent judgments on the same subject. This makes court judgments in Vietnam less important to lawyers than official letters issued by Government authorities. In October 2012, the Supreme Court has taken the first step to establish a “non-binding” court precedent system in Vietnam. In particular, the Supreme Court has approved a plan:

65% or 51% simple majority voting?

Under the Enterprise Law, the quorum for a meeting of the Shareholders Meeting is met when the number of shareholders present in person and by proxy represents at least 65% of all voting shares. A decision of the Shareholders Meeting on matters which are not a super majority issue can only be passed if it is approved by a number of shareholders holding more than 65% of the number of shares entitled to vote.

Resolution 71 approving Vietnam’s accession to the WTO (Resolution 71)  provides that “[A] shareholding company is entitled to provide in its charter … the number of members [of the company] required for holding a shareholder meeting [and] … the majority vote necessary (including 51% majority) in order to pass decisions … of the shareholder meeting”.

Role of international treaties in Vietnamese law

Vietnam is a party to various international treaties. Many of those contain important market entry commitments, National Treatment commitments or Most Favoured Nations Treatments commitments. Accordingly, international treaties sometimes play an important role in determining the rights and obligations of a foreign investor. However, when studying an international treaty, one should note the following:

Foreign investment in service sectors not included in the WTO Commitments

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oreign investors interested in service sectors in Vietnam will first need to look at the commitments of Vietnam to the WTO on various sectors (WTO Commitments). If the relevant service falls into one of the service sectors committed in the WTO Commitments then the investors will more or less have an answer. If the relevant service does not fall into one of the service sectors committed in the WTO Commitments (Non-committed Services) then one would need to look at the relevant domestic laws to see if the market is open to foreign investors. Usually, if there is no express restriction on a Non-committed Services under domestic laws then a foreign investor should be able to invest in such sector. This position is reflected in Decree 108/2006 implementing the Investment Law.