New sources of law in Vietnam - Court precedents and equity

From 1 January 2017, court precedents and “equity principles” (lẽ công bằng) will be the new sources of laws to govern civil relations in Vietnam. Under the new Civil Code 2015, court precedents and equity principles are now expressly allowed to be used to apply to a civil relation if there is no law or customs governing the same. Court precedents are judgements which are selected and announced by the Supreme Court so that lower courts can study and apply when hearing cases. Under the new Civil Procedure Code 2015, equity principles are determined based on rightful principles which are accepted by the society, and consistent with principle of humanity, principle of impartial and equality in terms of rights and obligations of the parties to a dispute.

Implementation of international investment treaties in Vietnam

Under Decree 118/2015, if a foreign investor is subject to multiple international treaties on the same industry or business line then the foreign investor is entitled to select one of the applicable international treaty. And if the foreign investor has selected to follow one international treaty then the investor will need to comply the provisions of such international treaty as a whole. In other words, under Decree 118/2015, a foreign investor may not be able to cherry pick the most favourable provisions of different international treaties in its favour.

New Law on Laws in Vietnam

A new Law on Laws (Law on Laws 2015) is just issued by the National Assembly in June 2015 and will take effect from July 2016. Hopefully, a few new points of the Law on Laws 2015 (discussed below) will help to improve the quality of Vietnamese law which is notoriously vague and inconsistent. In particular,

Vietnam Investment Law 2014/Enterprise Law 2014 – Temporary guidance by Hanoi licensing authorities

The Investment Law 2014 and the Enterprise Law 2014 will take effect very soon on 1 July 2015. However, the Government has not issued any implementing Decrees or Circulars which are necessary for the actual implementation of the Investment Law 2014 and the Enterprise Law 2014. This is unfortunate as the lack of proper implementing Decrees and Circulars may affect the operations of many companies and investors.